Traditional Beliefs:

Most Sudanese people believe in the supreme power, Allah the Almighty. The Nilotic tribes (Nuer, Sheluk and Dinka) believe in a higher force, while some other groups have magical practices alongside this bolief, such as Lango. The issue of traditional beliefs is a complex one because of the mix occurring between the local creeds and the heavenly religions, such as Islam. But some southern groups have other magical practices besides their belief in God, e.g. among some tribes of Sheluk, Dinka and Nuer. Some say that the religious thinking of Nuer is difficult to understand, except that they believe that god is close to man but is separate from him. The word "Koz" or spirit means God among the Nuers. Among the Sheluks, the word "Gok" means God. This Gok is invisible and has no particular form, just like air. The spirit among the Dinka is known as "Nilek", that has no beginning or end. They believe that it created the world and it is important because it brings the rain. They also have other spirits, which are intermediary between man and God for solving problems.

As regards the religious beliefs of Ingassina and Medob, they are related to the sun. Ingassina tribesmen also practice fire flames. In Nuba Mountains area, we find the "Kujur" as one of the important religious beliefs. Nuba tribes believe in one God as a supreme power for them, the Kujur is a human being with a spirit of God inside him. The Kujur is used for calling for rain and his aid is sought against disease. These beliefs are still practiced in some areas of Sudan.